mod_geoip2 is an Apache 2.x module for finding the country and city that a web request originated from. It uses the GeoIP library and database to perform the lookup.

Steps:
[*] Login via SSH as root to your server

[*] Get the GeoIP C Library from MaxMind
wget http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/api/c/GeoIP.tar.gz
Wait until finished
--09:43:23-- http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/api/c/GeoIP.tar.gz
Resolving geolite.maxmind.com... 64.246.48.99
Connecting to geolite.maxmind.com|64.246.48.99|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1045241 (1021K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: `GeoIP.tar.gz'

100%[====================================================================>] 1,045,241 30.1K/s in 41s

09:44:08 (24.9 KB/s) - `GeoIP.tar.gz' saved [1045241/1045241]

[*] Extract the library:
tar zxvf GeoIP.tar.gz

[*] Change directory:
cd GeoIP-1.4.6/

[*] Configure the library:
./configure
Wait until finished.
checking for gcc... gcc
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
...
...
...
config.status: creating GeoIP.spec
config.status: creating libGeoIP/Makefile
config.status: creating apps/Makefile
config.status: creating conf/Makefile
config.status: creating data/Makefile
config.status: creating man/Makefile
config.status: creating test/Makefile
config.status: executing depfiles commands

[*] Make:
make
Wait until finished.
Making all in libGeoIP
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6/libGeoIP'
/bin/sh ../libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"GeoIP\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"GeoIP\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"1.4.6\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"GeoIP\ 1.4.6\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"[email protected]\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -D__EXTENSIONS__=1 -D_ALL_SOURCE=1 -D_GNU_SOURCE=1 -D_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS=1 -D_TANDEM_SOURCE=1 -DPACKAGE=\"GeoIP\" -DVERSION=\"1.4.6\" -DHAVE_DLFCN_H=1 -DHAVE_USHORT_TYPEDEF=1 -DHAVE_ULONG_TYPEDEF=1 -DLITTLE_ENDIAN_HOST=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_ZLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY=1 -DHAVE_VASPRINTF=1 -DHAVE_VSNPRINTF=1 -DHAVE_VSPRINTF=1 -DHAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME=1 -DHAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R=1 -DGETHOSTBYNAME_R_RETURNS_INT=1 -I. -DGEOIPDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share/GeoIP\" -Wall -g -O2 -c -o GeoIP.lo GeoIP.c
mkdir .libs
...
...
...
sed -e 's|DATADIR|/usr/local/share/GeoIP|g' -e 's|CONF_DIR|/usr/local/etc|g' './geoiplookup.1.in' >geoiplookup.1.tmp
mv geoiplookup.1.tmp geoiplookup.1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6/man'
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for `all-am'.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6'

[*] Make check
make check
Wait until finished.
Making check in libGeoIP
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6/libGeoIP'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for `check'.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6/libGeoIP'
Making check in apps
...
...
...
make[1]: Nothing to be done for `check-am'.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6'

[*] Make install
make install
Wait until finished.
Making install in libGeoIP
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6/libGeoIP'
make[2]: Entering directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6/libGeoIP'
test -z "/usr/local/lib" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/local/lib"
...
...
...
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-data-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/GeoIP-1.4.6'

[*] Get the GeoIP Apache2 API
wget http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/api/mod_geoip2/mod_geoip2_1.2.5.tar.gz
Wait until finished.
--09:48:59-- http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/api/mod_geoip2/mod_geoip2_1.2.5.tar.gz
Resolving geolite.maxmind.com... 64.246.48.99
Connecting to geolite.maxmind.com|64.246.48.99|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 11602 (11K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: `mod_geoip2_1.2.5.tar.gz'

100%[====================================================================>] 11,602 11.7K/s in 1.0s

09:49:02 (11.7 KB/s) - `mod_geoip2_1.2.5.tar.gz' saved [11602/11602]

[*] Extract the API
tar zxvf mod_geoip2_1.2.5.tar.gz

[*] Change directory
cd mod_geoip2_1.2.5

[*] Install the API
apxs -i -a -L/usr/local/lib -I/usr/local/include -lGeoIP -c mod_geoip.c

Wait until finished.
/usr/lib/apr-1/build/libtool --silent --mode=compile gcc -prefer-pic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m32 -march=i386 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -DLINUX=2 -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -pthread -I/usr/include/httpd -I/usr/include/apr-1 -I/usr/include/apr-1 -I/usr/local/include -c -o mod_geoip.lo mod_geoip.c && touch mod_geoip.slo
mod_geoip.c: In function 'geoip_header_parser':
mod_geoip.c:326: warning: implicit declaration of function 'ap_add_common_vars'
mod_geoip.c:301: warning: unused variable 'gip'
mod_geoip.c: At top level:
...
...
...
chmod 755 /usr/lib/httpd/modules/mod_geoip.so
[activating module `geoip' in /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf]

[*] Get the latest GeoLite country database in binary format
wget http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoLiteCountry/GeoIP.dat.gz
Wait until finished.
--10:00:17-- http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoLiteCountry/GeoIP.dat.gz
Resolving geolite.maxmind.com... 64.246.48.99
Connecting to geolite.maxmind.com|64.246.48.99|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 529742 (517K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: `GeoIP.dat.gz'

100%[====================================================================>] 529,742 27.1K/s in 21s

10:00:42 (24.9 KB/s) - `GeoIP.dat.gz' saved [529742/529742]

[*] Gunzip’d the database
gunzip GeoIP.dat.gz

[*] Move the database to its own directory.
mkdir /usr/src/geo
mv GeoIP.dat /usr/src/geo/

[*] Edit Apache configuration file
nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

[*] Go all the way down to the end of file (use “Page Down” button to navigate to the next page).

[*] Add the following lines:

GeoIPEnable On
GeoIPDBFile /usr/src/geo/GeoIP.dat


[*] Save and exit nano.
Ctrl + O
Ctrl + X

[*] Restart Apache.
service httpd restart
OR
/etc/init.d/httpd restart

[*] Done.

Good luck!